Granular Energy platform's capabilities
What Granular Energy does
Granular Energy is a portfolio management platform for organisations that buy and sell green energy, primarily energy suppliers, utilities, traders, and some corporates. Its core purpose is to manage the full lifecycle of energy attributes and associated certificates (EACs): from contract capture, through allocating supply to demand, reconciling incoming certificate deliveries, to actioning allocations with actual certificate transfers/redemptions and reporting to end consumers and buyers.
The platform models all components of a portfolio: the supply side (own-operated plants, PPAs, market purchases, etc.) and the demand side (consumer demand, market sales, etc.). A central workflow connects supply to demand: the allocation. This is the process of mapping supply volumes to demand obligations. This automated allocation process can operate at the finest time resolution, down to sub-hourly intervals, giving platform users unique capabilities.
Key concepts and how they relate
Portfolio is the foundation. Users capture all their contracts on both the buy (supply) and sell (demand) side. The supply side includes consumption meters (contracted under a green energy supply contract), production devices (PPAs or own-operated assets), and standalone buy and sell deals (fixed-volume certificate trades).
Volume types and how they move through the platform. At any point in time, a supply volume exists in one of several states. A contracted volume is what you've committed to receive or deliver: it exists as a purchase order or obligation in the portfolio, but the physical certificates may not have arrived yet. When certificates land in a registry account, they become inventory, the actual stock of EACs held. Reconciliation is the act of formally connecting those two: matching a received certificate delivery to the contracted volume it fulfils. Once matched, the volume is considered reconciled. On the demand side, the equivalent process is finalising an allocation, which confirms that certificates have been transferred or cancelled to fulfil a delivery obligation to a customer. The Delivery Monitoring page surfaces this progression clearly, showing for each contracted line whether it's outstanding (not yet matched to any inbound delivery), partially received, or fully reconciled.
Read more about delivery monitoring.
Deal delivery tracking. Each deal tranche in the portfolio carries a contractual delivery date, the date by which EACs are expected to arrive in or leave a registry account. The platform automatically derives a delivery status for each tranche (open, partly delivered, or delivered) based on how much of its contracted volume has been reconciled with registry transactions. This makes it straightforward to spot overdue deliveries: any tranche with a past delivery date still showing open or partly delivered is an action item. Depending on the deal direction, that might mean chasing a counterparty who hasn't transferred certificates, or initiating an outbound transfer to fulfil a sell obligation. The status is only as accurate as the reconciliation data, which is why keeping reconciliation current is a core operational discipline.
Read more about deal delivery monitoring.
Certificates represent the actual EAC instruments held in external registries (AIB, Ofgem, RECS, and others). Certificates live independently of portfolio commitments — the platform tracks inventory across registry accounts and all movements over time. Reconciliation is the process that connects certificates to portfolio contracts: inbound reconciliation maps a certificate delivery received in a registry to a contracted supply volume; outbound reconciliation (finalisation) confirms that certificates have been transferred or cancelled to fulfil a delivery obligation to a customer.
Read more about inbound transaction reconciliation. Read more about outbound transaction reconciliation.
Allocation sits between portfolio and certificates. It is the optimisation layer that proposes how supply (contracted volumes + held inventory) should be matched against demand obligations. This can run automatically via a pre-configured algorithm, or manually via ad-hoc spot allocations. Allocation is provisional until it is finalised, at which point it becomes permanent.
The platform supports several allocation methodologies. As-consumed methods allocate supply up to each customer's demand — either proportionally (every customer gets the same supply mix) or greedily (a priority-ordered source fills demand first). As-produced methods instead follow the generation shape of a specific asset, allocating a defined share of its output to a customer regardless of whether generation exceeds their consumption at any given moment; this is the standard approach for sleeved PPAs.
Read more about allocation methodologies.
Allocations operate at a configurable time resolution: annual, monthly, hourly, or sub-hourly. This directly determines the matching score — the percentage of a customer's consumption covered by generation in the same time window. Matching scores are higher at coarser resolutions (where surpluses in one period can offset shortfalls in another) and more demanding at hourly granularity, where midday solar excess cannot offset an uncovered evening hour. The platform supports mixed granularities across a portfolio, so hourly data for some customers can coexist with monthly data for others without separate environments.
Critically, not all allocated volumes carry the same level of certainty. When the platform allocates supply against demand, that supply can come from two distinct places: inventory — certificates already physically received and reconciled, where delivery is certain, or contracted supply — volumes expected from a signed deal or PPA that haven't yet arrived as certificates, where delivery is expected but not guaranteed. The Demand view surfaces this distinction explicitly, showing for each customer how much of their allocation is backed by certificates already in hand, how much depends on a future delivery, and how much remains unallocated. A high unallocated volume signals an open position that needs to be sourced. As inbound certificates are reconciled, the platform automatically migrates the corresponding allocated volumes from contracted to inventory, no re-allocation needed.
The whole system runs in a continuous loop: data is uploaded, positions are reviewed, allocations are run, transactions are reconciled, deliveries are finalised, and reports are issued. The process can be run on a schedule (e.g. daily), or every time new data arrives in the platform.
Dashboards provide position monitoring, comparing supply and demand across the portfolio to surface long/short positions, by technology, geography, or contract.
Read more about the different dashboards views and metrics.
The platform automatically calculates carbon emissions for each customer as a standard part of the allocation output, following GHG Protocol Scope 2 methodology. It produces two figures side by side: a location-based number (total consumption multiplied by the average grid emission intensity for the customer's region, sourced from National Grid ESO for the UK and Eurelectric for EU countries) and a market-based number (which applies a zero emission factor to consumption covered by renewable certificates, and the residual mix factor to the unmatched remainder). The residual mix factor is typically higher than the average grid factor — because it excludes all voluntarily claimed certificates, leaving a less renewable mix, which means unmatched consumption carries a higher carbon cost than the raw grid average suggests. Both figures are available at annual, monthly, and hourly resolution, update automatically when allocation or consumption data changes, and feed directly into customer PDF reports and the End-Consumer Dashboard.
Read more about carbon emissions in the platform.
Consumer reporting is the downstream output. The platform generates white-label, brand-able PDF reports and live End-Consumer Dashboards for each customer, covering matching scores at different time resolutions, the sources of matched generation (technology, geography, specific asset), and carbon impact. Reports can be issued as interim (based on current allocations, before cancellation) or final (once the cancellation statement from the registry has been reconciled). Distribution can be automated at the end of each reporting period. Reports are available in multiple languages including English, German, French, Italian, and Japanese.
Read more about end-consumer dashboard and PDF generation.
PnL and mark-to-market: While we are still scoping and refining the scope of this feature, the platform will include a valuation module that will allow users to upload price curves and calculate mark-to-market valuations and daily P&L against forward curves, with unrealised/realised P&L tracked as deliveries are processed. An MVP solution is already available today, where Granular Energy's team uses the structured portfolio data to deliver valuation outputs offline.