Granular Energy platform's capabilities

What Granular Energy does

Granular Energy is a portfolio management platform for organisations that buy and sell green energy, primarily energy suppliers, utilities, traders, and some corporates. Its core purpose is to manage the full lifecycle of energy attributes and associated certificates (EACs): from contract capture, through allocating supply to demand, reconciling incoming certificate deliveries, to actioning allocations with actual certificate transfers/redemptions and reporting to end consumers and buyers. The platform accommodates any level of portfolio complexity, from a handful of customers with monthly data to high numbers of metering point with multiple layers of hierarchies, and volumes defined at (sub-)hourly resolution.

The platform models all components of a portfolio: the supply side (own-operated plants, PPAs, market purchases, etc.) and the demand side (consumer demand, market sales, etc.). A central workflow connects supply to demand: the allocation. This is the process of mapping supply volumes to demand obligations. This automated allocation process can operate at the finest time resolution, down to sub-hourly intervals, giving platform users unique capabilities.

Key concepts and how they relate

Portfolio modelling is the foundation. Users capture all their contracts on both the buy (supply) and sell (demand) side. This includes consumption meters (contracted under a green energy supply contract), production devices (PPAs or own-operated assets), and standalone buy and sell deals (unbundled certificate trades). On the demand side, the platform supports flexible portfolio hierarchies, from individual metering points up through sites, customers, and customer groups, allowing organisations to model their retail book at whatever level of structural detail their reporting commitments require. Custom tags can be applied to meters and contract periods to reflect product types, tariffs, or EAC quality requirements, enabling precise tracking and reporting across any segment of the portfolio.

Volume types and how they move through the platform:

• Supply side: at any point in time, a supply volume exists in one of several states. A “contracted” volume represent energy attributes that you are expecting to receive: there is a purchase or some form of forecasted / measured volumes, but the physical certificates have not arrived yet. When certificates land in a registry account, the "contracted" are reduced, and some "inventory" volumes are increased in turn. This process happens through a reconciliation. Reconciliation is the act of formally connecting a received certificate delivery to the contracted volume it fulfils.
• On the demand side, volumes are by nature always of type "contracted". An equivalent reconciliation process allows connecting a cancellation or outbound transfer to some contracted demand. This at the same time constitutes the last step of the allocation: allocations are considered as final once materialised by an equivalent certificate delivery

Certificates represent the actual EAC instruments held in external registries (AIB, Ofgem, RECS, and others). Certificates live independently of portfolio commitments. The platform tracks inventory across registry accounts and all movements over time. Reconciliation is the process that connects certificate movements to contracted volumes captured in the portfolio.

Allocation sits between supply and demand. it is the optimisation layer that matches supply against demand obligations. The platform supports anything from straightforward greedy resource allocation to highly sophisticated, multi-constraint optimisations across an entire portfolio. Our team specialises in developing cutting-edge allocation intelligence, with the precision to operate at hourly granularity when programmes require it.

Read more about allocation methodologies.

Allocations can be made at any time resolution: annual, monthly, hourly, or sub-hourly. The matching score, which represents the percentage of a customer's consumption covered by generation in the same time window, depends on the resolution at which allocation results are assessed. Scores are higher at coarser resolutions, where surpluses in one period can offset shortfalls in another, and more demanding at hourly granularity, where midday solar excess cannot offset an uncovered evening hour. The platform supports mixed granularities across a portfolio, so hourly data for some customers can coexist with monthly data for others without separate environments.

Critically, not all allocated volumes carry the same level of certainty. When the platform allocates supply against demand, that supply can come from two distinct places: inventory — certificates already physically received and reconciled, where delivery is certain, or contracted supply — volumes expected from a signed deal or PPA that haven't yet arrived as certificates, where delivery is expected but not guaranteed. The Demand view surfaces this distinction explicitly, showing for each customer how much of their allocation is backed by certificates already in hand, how much depends on a future delivery, and how much remains unallocated. A high unallocated volume signals an open position that needs to be sourced. As inbound certificates are reconciled, the platform automatically migrates the corresponding allocated volumes from contracted to inventory, no re-allocation needed.

Delivery monitoring. The platform gives users a clear view of delivery progress on both sides of the portfolio. On the inbound side, users can track whether contracted supply volumes have been matched by incoming certificate transfers from counterparties. On the outbound side, they can monitor whether delivery obligations to customers have been fulfilled. Each contractual obligation carries a delivery date, and the platform will alert users when one is approaching.

Read more about delivery monitoring.

The Dashboards section provides three purpose-built views. The Portfolio view is a high-level position check, comparing total supply and demand volumes to show whether the portfolio is long or short, with matching quality analysis across different resolutions. The Demand view allows exploration of what has been allocated to each customer or programme, including historical deliveries. The Supply view shows how generation assets and inventory are being allocated to demand, and how much remains unallocated. All three views support custom table configurations with filtering and grouping by technology, geography, vintage, and other attributes.

Read more about the different dashboards views and metrics.

The platform automatically calculates carbon emissions for each customer as a standard part of the allocation output, following GHG Protocol Scope 2 methodology. It produces two figures side by side: a location-based number (total consumption multiplied by the average grid emission intensity for the customer's region, sourced from National Grid ESO for the UK and Eurelectric for EU countries) and a market-based number (which applies a zero emission factor to consumption covered by renewable certificates, and the residual mix factor to the unmatched remainder). The residual mix factor is typically higher than the average grid factor — because it excludes all voluntarily claimed certificates, leaving a less renewable mix, which means unmatched consumption carries a higher carbon cost than the raw grid average suggests. Both figures are available at annual, monthly, and hourly resolution, update automatically when allocation or consumption data changes, and feed directly into customer PDF reports and the End-Consumer Dashboard.

Read more about carbon emissions in the platform.

Consumer reporting is the downstream output. The platform generates white-label, brand-able PDF reports and live End-Consumer Dashboards for each customer, covering matching scores at different time resolutions, the sources of matched generation (technology, geography, specific asset), and carbon impact. Reports can be issued as interim (based on current allocations, before cancellation) or final (once the cancellation statement from the registry has been reconciled). Distribution can be automated at the end of each reporting period. Reports are available in multiple languages including English, German, French, Italian, and Japanese.

Read more about end-consumer dashboard and PDF generation.

PnL and mark-to-market: While we are still refining the scope of this feature, the platform will include a valuation module that will allow users to upload price curves and calculate mark-to-market valuations and daily P&L against forward curves, with unrealised/realised P&L tracked as deliveries are processed. An MVP solution is already available today, where Granular Energy's team uses the structured portfolio data to deliver valuation outputs offline.